ПЕРХЛОРАТ ГАЛЛИЯ ГИДРАТИРОВАННЫЙ

Description

Gallium perchlorate hydrated is an inorganic salt of gallium(III) and perchloric acid, crystallizing with water molecules. The perchlorate anion weakly coordinates the metal ion, so the salt is often used as a source of “free”, weakly bound Ga3+ ion in water and coordination studies.

Identification

• English name: GALLIUM PERCHLORATE, HYDRATED
• CAS No.: 17835-81-3
• Chemical formula: 3ClO4,Ga (Ga(ClO4)3)
• DSSTox ID: DTXSID20648468
• Synonyms: Gallium perchlorate, Gallium(III) perchlorate, 50% solution of gallium(III) perchlorate

Physico-chemical characteristics

• Molecular Weight: 368.07
• Exact weight: 368.795
• Density: 1.514 g/ml at 25 °C
• Melting point: decomposes at 175 °C [ALF95]
• PSA Specs: 222.81
• XLogP3: 0.5996

Substance class and application

As a salt of a strong perchloric acid and a weakly coordinating perchlorate anion, gallium perchlorate hydrate is used in studies of the hydration of the Ga3+ ion in an aqueous solution - the structure of gallium aqua complexes is studied using Raman and 71Ga NMR spectroscopy along with nitrate and sulfate salts. Gallium compounds of this group are also in demand in petrochemical cracking and automotive catalysts, water treatment, electroplating, the textile industry, as well as in optics, laser, crystal and glass technologies.

Safety Information

• Hazard category: 5.1 (oxidizing substances)
• Transport codes: UN 3098, 5.1/PG2
• Hazard class code: 8-34
• Safety instructions: 45-36/37/39-25-17-27-26
• Tags: C-O, C, O

Storage and transportation

As an oxidizing substance (hazard category 5.1) it is stored separately from flammable materials, reducing agents and organic substances, in a cool, dry room, in a sealed container. During thermal decomposition from 175 °C, the release of chlorine-containing gases is possible, so heating the container above this temperature is not allowed.

Comparison with gallium nitrate and sulfate

Perchlorate, nitrate and sulfate anions form complexes of different strengths with the Ga3+ ion: perchlorate coordinates gallium weakest, which makes the perchlorate salt more convenient than others for studying the “true” hydration shell of the ion using Raman and 71Ga NMR spectroscopy without the distorting influence of a tightly bound counterion. Nitrate and sulfate salts, on the contrary, are more often used where greater chemical or biological stability of the solution is needed - for example, gallium nitrate is used in medicine to correct hypercalcemia caused by malignant tumors.

Working with the hydrate form

The crystalline hydrate form of the salt requires control of humidity during storage: partial loss of crystallization water can change the composition and physical properties of the sample, which is important to take into account when quantitative studies of gallium hydration and when calculating an accurate sample for analytical work.