Тиаметоксам

Description

Thiamethoxam is a systemic insecticide from the class of neonicotinoids, tianicotinyl subgroup. According to the IRAC classification, it is classified in group 4A: agonists of insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Developed under code CGA 293343, produced under the brands Actara, Cruiser, Platinum, Centric, Optigard, Meridian, Adage.

Mechanism of action

The substance binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on the insect's postsynaptic membrane and keeps them open. The transmission of the nerve impulse is disrupted, paralysis and death occur. In plants and insects, thiamethoxam is converted into clothianidin, which has a higher affinity for the receptor, so the substance works both as an independent insecticide and as a precursor of the active metabolite. Absorbed by the roots, stem and leaf, distributed throughout the vascular system - the treatment also protects those parts of the plant where the drug was not applied.

Basic Attributes

• CAS No: 153719-23-4
• Chemical formula: C8H10ClN5O3S
• Molecular Weight: 291.71
• Exact weight: 291.71
• EU number: 1308068-626-2
• DSSTox ID: DTXSID2034962
• HS code: 29341000
• PSA specifications: 115.02000
• XLogP3: -1.16
• Collision cross section: 158.16 Å2 [M + H]+

Physico-chemical characteristics

• Color and shape: crystalline powder; light brown granules
• Smell: musty
• Density: 1.71 plus or minus 0.1 g/cm3 (predicted)
• Melting point: 140-142 °C
• Boiling point: 485.8 plus or minus 55.0 °C (predicted)
• Flash point: 247.6 plus or minus 31.5 °C
• Refractive index: 1.725
• Solubility, g/l: acetone 48, ethyl acetate 7.0, dichloromethane 110, toluene 0.680, methanol 13, n-octanol 0.620, hexane less than 0.001
• Steam pressure: 6.6 × 10⁻⁹ Pa (25 °C)
• Henry's law constant: 4.63 × 10⁻¹⁵ atm·cubic. m/mol at 25 °C (calculated)

Scope of application

• seed treatment: grains, corn, rapeseed, soybeans, beets, cotton (Cruiser, Adage brands)
• spraying of vegetative plants and watering at the roots (brands Actara, Centric)
• soil application and drip irrigation (Platinum brand)
• sanitary and household treatments against ants and cockroaches (Optigard brand)
• objects: aphids, whiteflies, thrips, leafhoppers, psyllids, Colorado potato beetle, leaf miners, soil pests, wireworms
• anti-resistant strategy: alternation with drugs from other IRAC groups, repeated treatments with one group are not allowed

Toxicity

• LD50 in rats: 1563 mg/kg PO; more than 2000 mg/kg skin
• LD50 in bobwhite quail and mallard duck: 1552 and 576 mg/kg PO
• LC50 (96 hours) for rainbow trout and bluegill: more than 100 and more than 114 mg/l

Safety Information

• Transport codes: UN 3077, class 9, packing group III
• WGK Germany: 2
• Hazard class code: 22-50/53
• Safety instructions: 22-61-60
• Tags: Xn
• Hazard statements: H302, H410
• Precautions: P301 + P312 + P330
• GHS Classification, Signal Word Warning: H302 Harmful if swallowed; measures P264, P270, P273, P301 + P312, P330, P391, P501
• GHS classification: H228 (82.53%) flammable solid; measures P210, P240, P241, P261, P264, P270, P271, P273, P280, P301 + P312, P304 + P312, P304 + P340, P312, P330, P370 + P378, P391, P501. Data from 229 companies for 4 notifications to the ECHA C and L register
• GHS classification: H228 (50%) flammable solid; measures P210, P240, P241, P264, P270, P273, P280, P301 + P312, P330, P370 + P378, P391, P501. Data from 28 companies based on 8 notifications. Some notifications are “not classified”

Personal protective equipment and working with the drug

• long sleeve shirt, long pants, shoes and socks
• chemical-resistant gloves made from waterproof Category A material, such as 14 mil or more natural rubber
• safety glasses
• safe exit interval to treated areas (REI): 12 hours; for early entry additional overalls
• care for personal protective equipment according to the manufacturer’s instructions, washing separately from other laundry
• application strictly according to labeling and the Worker Protection Standard 40 CFR part 170

Firefighting, spills, disposal

Extinguishing with dry chemicals, foam or CO2 wearing full protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus. Outside personnel are evacuated from the area, contaminated buildings and equipment are not used until disinfection. The water runoff after extinguishing is collected and localized.

The spill is stopped at the source and diked to prevent the substance from escaping into the soil, sewer system or water body. The solid is collected in a container for disposal, the liquid is covered with an absorbent, the area is washed with a detergent with hard water, and the washing liquid is collected with additional absorbent. The container is closed and prepared for disposal, not reused.

The unused product is transferred for authorized use or returned to the manufacturer or supplier. During final disposal, the impact on air quality, migration in soil and water, effects on animals and plants, and the requirements of environmental and sanitary legislation are taken into account. Wastewater from decontamination, washing of work clothes and cleaning sites is detained and assessed by the concentration of the active substance and decomposition products: discharge is possible only below the standards, pre-treatment and discharge to permitted treatment facilities - after inspection by the regulatory body. If this route is not feasible, the waste is classified under 40 CFR part 261, subpart B. The preferred option under the SRP is substitution with a chemical product with less toxicity and less environmental burden. A complete list of preventive measures for thiamethoxam (9 items) is provided in the HSDB.

Storage conditions

Temperature 0-6 °C, container tightly closed, warehouse dry and ventilated, separate from food and feed. Do not dispose of in waterways or sewers: H410, very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.