Хинакриновая горчица

Description

Quinacrine mustard is a dihydrochloride of a nitrogen mustard analogue of quinacrine: the acridine core of quinacrine with a side chain in which the terminal amino group is replaced by a bis(2-chloroethyl) amine group, characteristic of nitrogen mustards. The compound combines a fluorescent DNA intercalator and an alkylating agent. The main application is staining of metaphase chromosomes.

Identification

• CAS No.: 4213-45-0
• Chemical formula: C23H28Cl3N3O 2HCl
• EU number: 224-140-9
• RTECS number: AR7580000
• Systematic name: 1,4-pentanediamine, N1,N1-bis(2-chloroethyl)-N4-(6-chloro-2-methoxy-9-acridinyl)-, dihydrochloride
• Synonym: 2-methoxy-6-chloro-9-[4-bis(2-chloroethyl)amino-1-methylbutylamino]acridine dihydrochloride

Physico-chemical indicators

• Molecular weight: 541.76900
• Exact weight: 539.08300
• Density: 1.271 g/cm³
• Melting point: 110°C with decomposition
• Boiling point: 574.1 °C at 760 mm Hg. Art.
• Flash point: 301 °C
• Refractive index: 1.632
• Polar Surface Area (PSA): 37.39000
• XLogP3: 8.08720

Optical properties and operating principle

The dihydrochloride form is soluble in water. The reagent intercalates into the DNA double helix and fluoresces when binding to chromosomal nucleic acids, and preferentially binds to adenine-thymine pairs rather than guanine-cytosine. The excitation and emission maxima are 425 and 480 nm, respectively. Different densities of AT-rich regions along the chromosome give unequal luminescence intensity, which is why the chromosome appears cross-striated in ultraviolet light.

Scope of application

• Q-staining (Q-banding) of metaphase chromosomes is a method discovered in 1970 by Kaspersson and his colleagues: preparations of human chromosomes, stained with quinacrine mustard, when examined in ultraviolet light, give an alternation of stripes of different brightness characteristic of each chromosome, by which the chromosome is identified
• Q-banding of maize chromosomes
• fish karyotyping
• studies of chromosomes and chromatin as a fluorescent probe for labeling chromosomal DNA

GHS hazards

• Hazard Statements: H301 - Toxic if swallowed; H317 - may cause an allergic skin reaction; H331 - toxic if inhaled; H334 - may cause allergies, asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled; H361 - Suspected of harming fertility or the unborn child
• Precautions: P261 – P280 – P301 + P310 – P311
• Tags: T
• Water hazard class (WGK Germany): 3
• Hazard class code: 46-23/25-42/43
• Safety instructions: 53-22-36/37/39-45

Measures during work

The alkylating nature of the compound determines the handling regime: any contact with skin and inhalation of the aerosol are excluded, solutions are prepared in a fume hood, wearing nitrile gloves and safety glasses, waste is collected separately. Phrases H334 and 42/43 indicate sensitization of the respiratory tract and skin - repeated contact can cause an allergic reaction even at low concentrations. Phrase H361 and code 46 require the exclusion of work with a substance for pregnant women.

Storage and transportation

• Storage conditions: −20 °C
• The container is tightly closed, protected from light
• Transport code: UN 3249
• Hazard category: 6.1(b), packaging level III
• Discharge into sewers and water bodies is not permitted.