Оксид ртути (Hg2O)

Description

Mercury (I) oxide Hg₂O is a black or brownish-black powder, a compound of mercury in the +1 oxidation state with a mercury-mercury bond. The substance is unstable: when heated and exposed to light, it decomposes to form metallic mercury and mercury (II) oxide. The catalogs also list them under the names black mercuric oxide and mercuric oxide.

Basic Attributes

• CAS No.: 15829-53-5 (accompanying registration: 1312-01-2)
• Chemical formula: Hg2O
• Molecular weight: 417.1794
• Accurate weight: 421.95200
• EU number: 239-934-0
• UN number: 1641
• DSSTox ID: DTXSID3065954
• PSA Specifications: 9.23000
• XLogP3: −0.06930

Physico-chemical properties

• Color and form: black or brownish-black powder
• Density: 9.8 g/cm³
• Melting point: 100°C (with decomposition)
• Solubility: insoluble in water; soluble in acids
• Storage conditions: protect from light
• Flammability characteristics: non-flammable; When heated, it decomposes, releasing toxic mercury vapor.

Chemical behavior and reactivity

• Reactive group: metals, less reactive
• Hydrochloric acid converts the substance to calomel: reaction with HCl gives insoluble mercuric chloride (I)
• Dissolves in nitric acid
• Mixtures of mercury oxide and barium oxide react intensely with hydrogen sulfide in the air, causing explosions (Mellor, 10:140, 1946–47)
• Metal oxide contact caused explosive decomposition of hydrogen peroxide (Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995)
• Mixtures with phosphorus explode on impact, mixtures with sulfur explode on friction (Mellor, 1940, vol. 4, p. 77)
• Molten sodium or potassium decomposes mercury oxide with a small explosion
• Dangerous reactivity was also noted for a mixture of mercury oxide and nitrogen hydroxide

Scope of application

• inorganic synthesis reagent: source of mercury (I) in the preparation of calomel and other mercury salts
• laboratory preparative work with mercury compounds
• object of research in the chemistry of compounds with metal-to-metal bonds

Safety Information

• Hazard Statements: H315 - Causes skin irritation
• Precautions: P201, P202, P260, P261, P264, P270, P271, P272, P280, P281, P302 + P352, P304 + P340, P305 + P351 + P338, P307 + P311, P308 + P313, P312, P314, P321, P332 + P313, P333 + P313, P337 + P313, P362, P363, P403 + P233, P405, P501
• Hazard category: 6.1(a)
• Packing level: II
• Transport codes: 1641

Storage and handling

Storage features: the room is ventilated and dried, low temperature is maintained; the product is stored and transported separately from reducing agents, acids and food products. Protection from light is required - the compound decomposes in light. Work should be carried out under a hood, wearing gloves, safety glasses and protective clothing, without dust; In case of insufficient ventilation, use respiratory protection. Strictly avoid joint storage and rubbing with phosphorus and sulfur, contact with hydrogen peroxide and alkali metals.

Disposal

Generators of at least 100 kg of waste per month containing this contaminant (EPA hazardous waste number D009) are required to comply with USEPA waste storage, transportation, treatment and disposal regulations. Additionally (SRP position): Land treatment criteria and disposal practices in sanitary landfills are subject to significant revision so that acceptable practices are agreed with environmental regulators before disposal of waste residues on land, including sewage sludge. The waste is treated as containing mercury and transferred to a licensed operator.