Фосетилалюминий

Description

Fosetyl-aluminum (Fosetyl-Al) is an aluminum salt of ethylphosphonic acid (phosphonic acid monoethyl ester), consisting of ethylphosphonate anions and aluminum cations in a ratio of 3:1. Externally - a white crystalline substance or odorless powder.

Basic Attributes

• CAS No: 39148-24-8
• Chemical formula: C2H7O3P 1/3Al
• Molecular weight: 354.1
• Exact weight: 353.997894
• EU number: 254-320-2
• UNII: 3979UH4J7X
• DSSTox ID: DTXSID1020643
• PSA (topological polar surface area): 218.49000
• XLogP3: 2.86680

Physico-chemical characteristics

• Appearance: white crystalline substance or powder, odorless
• Melting point: >300 °C
• Solubility in water: 110 g/l at 20 °C
• Storage conditions: 0–6 °C
• Steam pressure: <10⁻⁷ Pa at 25 °C

Scope and mechanism of action

Fosetyl-aluminum is a systemic fungicide for various horticultural crops, used under the trade names Aliette, Efal, Sinophos to combat a number of diseases, including Phytophthora, Pythium and Plasmopara viticola, the causative agent of grape downy mildew. According to the FRAC classification, it belongs to the group of phosphonates, code 33. It plays the role of an antifungal agrochemical, contains the anion fosetyl (1-), is absorbed by leaves and roots and moves throughout the plant both up and down the conducting system. The mechanism of action is not limited to a single biochemical target: control of oomycete pathogens is achieved by a combination of direct inhibition of the pathogen (blocking spore germination and mycelium development due to competition with phosphate as an allosteric regulator of a number of enzymes) and the induction of protective reactions of the plant itself. At usual application rates in the field, it is the activation of plant immunity that predominates, while the direct effect on the pathogen is manifested at higher concentrations, including through the metabolite formed in the plant tissues - phosphite. Commercial forms of fosetyl aluminum are produced primarily in the form of a wettable powder and water-dispersible granules (in particular, Aliette 80 WG contains 80% of the active substance), as well as in tank mixtures with other fungicides to expand the spectrum of action and reduce the risk of resistance in pathogens.

Toxicity and flammability

• Toxicity: oral LD50 for rats - 5000 mg/kg; oral LD50 for mice - 3700 mg/kg
• Flammability characteristics: highly flammable; combustion produces toxic phosphorus oxide fumes

According to the level of acute oral toxicity, it is classified as a substance of moderate danger. When processing, compliance with the waiting periods before harvest and the period of limited access of people to the treated areas, standard for systemic fungicides of this class, is required.

Storage and transportation

The recommended storage temperature is 0–6 °C, the container is tightly closed, in a cool, dry room, away from sources of fire due to the flammability of the drug. When working, use gloves, safety glasses and respiratory protection, and avoid spreading the working solution onto adjacent untreated areas and bodies of water.